BMS (Battery Management System)

The Battery Management System (BMS) is a crucial component of the energy storage system. Serving as a bridge between the battery pack and external devices, it influences battery utilization and system safety. It processes battery information in real-time and performs alarm and protection functions. Typically, BMS adopts a multi-level distributed architecture, such as a three-tier structure, consisting of a Battery Array Unit (BAU), a Battery Control Unit (BCU), and a Battery Management Unit (BMU), among others. It offers a wide range of functions and is safe and reliable.

The BMU is located at the lowest level, collecting voltage and temperature data of individual batteries, monitoring battery status, providing data for SOC and SOH calculations, and featuring communication capabilities.

The BCU (Battery Control Unit) is located in the middle layer, managing the information of the entire battery cluster, collecting total voltage, current, and temperature, performing abnormal alarm and protection, and controlling battery disconnection to avoid overcharge, overdischarge, etc.

The BAU is located at the top layer and is responsible for collecting BCU data, performing calculations, analysis, alarming, and storage, ensuring balanced operation of the battery, communicating with PCS and EMS, providing management information, optimizing system performance, and extending battery life.